29 Effective Examples of Public Relations Campaigns and Tactics

29 Effective Examples of Public Relations Campaigns and Tactics Public relations spans a broad array of tactics and strategies. As such, what any two PR campaigns looks like in actual practice can be vastly different depending on its goals. From old-school media placements to large-scale event planning to modern digital communication, it often requires an interesting mix of skills and competencies to do well. And that’s probably why you’re here. You know the benefits of doing PR: earning trust, establishing valuable relationships, and building branding awareness, all while collaborating with content and social media marketing, but with lower costs than traditional advertising. Sounds awesome, right? Well, sure it does. But which tactics should you execute? Where do companies start developing plans? And what does effective PR even look like in real life when it encompasses so many things? That’s what you’ll find in this post: 30 examples demonstrating what this time-tested marketing discipline look like in the real world. You’ll find basic stuff like different areas of the business you can explore, plus tons of actual campaigns to help inspire your own strategy. Table of Contents: Definition Basic PR Disciplines Basic PR Tactics Successful PR Campaigns What is ? Its the best all-in-one marketing management platform to organize all your projects and team members. See it in action. Snag Three Free PR Templates This post is full of examples you can borrow ideas from. But, what happens when it comes time to execute your strategy? Grab these free templates to support better execution: PR Plan Template: Press Release Template: AP Style Cheat Sheet: in oneplace. Save 20 hrs this week alone and every weekafter. If youve ever kicked the tires on , nows the time to see what its reallylike. Schedule Your Demo Success! Your download should start shortly. Clean up the chaos with your editorial calendar! With , youll Save time with blogging, social, and email think HOURS every week Schedule your social posts in batches and increase your posting frequency super easily Get your sht together and hold yourself accountable to publishing like the boss you are! Now’s the perfect time to start your 14-day free trial to see for yourself! Start Your Free Trial

Chinas Grand Canal

Chinas Grand Canal The largest canal in the world, the Grand Canal of China, wends its way through four provinces, beginning at Beijing and ending at Hangzhou.   It ties together two of the greatest rivers in the world - the Yangtze River and the Yellow River - as well as smaller waterways such as the Hai River, the Qiantang River, and the Huai River. History of The Grand Canal Just as impressive as its incredible size, however, is the Grand Canals remarkable age. The first section of the canal likely dates back to the 6th century BCE, although Chinese historian Sima Qian claimed that it went back 1,500 years earlier than that to the time of the legendary Yu the Great of the Xia Dynasty.   In any case, the earliest section links the Yellow River to the Si and Bian Rivers in Henan Province.   It is known poetically as the Canal of the Flying Geese, or more prosaically as Far-Flung Canal. Another early section of the Grand Canal was created under the direction of King Fuchai of Wu, who ruled from 495 to 473 BCE.   This early portion is known as the Han Gou, or Han Conduit, and connects the Yangtze River with the Huai River. Fuchais reign coincides with the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, and the beginning of the Warring States period, which would seem to be an inauspicious time to take on such a huge project. However, despite the political turmoil, that era saw the creation of several major irrigation and waterworks projects, including the Dujiangyan Irrigation System in Sichuan, the Zhengguo Canal in Shaanxi Province, and the Lingqu Canal in Guangxi Province. The Grand Canal itself was combined into one great waterway during the reign of the Sui Dynasty, 581 - 618 CE.   In its finished state, the Grand Canal stretches 1,104 miles (1,776 kilometers) and runs north to south roughly parallel to the east coast of China.   The Sui used the labor of 5 million of their subjects, both men and women, to dig the canal, finishing work in 605 CE. The Sui rulers sought to connect northern and southern China directly so that they could ship grain between the two regions.   This helped them to overcome local crop failures and famine, as well as supplying their armies that were stationed far from their southern bases.   The path along the canal also served as an imperial highway, and post offices set all along the way served the imperial courier system. By the Tang Dynasty era (618 - 907 CE), more than 150,000 tons of grain traveled the Grand Canal annually, most of it tax payments from southern peasants moving to the capital cities of the north.   However, the Grand Canal could pose a danger as well as a benefit to the people who lived beside it.   In the year 858, a terrible flood spilled into the canal, and drowned thousands of acres across the North China Plain, killing tens of thousands.   This catastrophe represented a huge blow to the Tang, already weakened by the An Shi Rebellion.   The flooding canal seemed to suggest that the Tang Dynasty had lost the Mandate of Heaven, and needed to be replaced. To prevent the grain barges from running aground (and then being robbed of their tax grain by local bandits), the Song Dynasty  assistant commissioner of transport Qiao Weiyue invented the worlds first system of pound locks.   These devices would raise the level of the water in a section of the canal, to safely float barges past obstacles in the canal. During the Jin-Song Wars, the Song dynasty in 1128 destroyed part of the Grand Canal to block the Jin militarys advance.   The canal was only repaired in the 1280s by the Mongol Yuan Dynasty, which moved the capital to Beijing and shortened the total length of the canal by about 450 miles (700 km). Both the Ming (1368 - 1644) and the Qing (1644 - 1911) Dynasties maintained the Grand Canal in working order.   It took literally tens of thousands of laborers to keep the whole system dredged and functional each year; operating the grain barges required an additional 120,000 plus soldiers. In 1855, disaster struck the Grand Canal.   The Yellow River flooded and jumped its banks, changing its course and cutting itself off from the canal.   The waning power of the Qing Dynasty decided not to repair the damage, and the canal is still not entirely recovered.   However, the Peoples Republic of China, founded in 1949, has invested heavily in repairing and reconstructing damaged and neglected sections of the canal. The Grand Canal Today In 2014, UNESCO listed the Grand Canal of China as a World Heritage Site.   Although much of the historic canal is visible, and many sections are popular tourist destinations, currently only the portion between Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province and Jining, Shandong Province is navigable.   That is a distance of about 500 miles (800 kilometers).

Meditation to the Heart of Darkness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Meditation to the Heart of Darkness - Essay Example Yet Conrad, as a man who had endured many hardships in his life even before his eleventh birthday (Papke, 2000), was also aware of the hidden aspect of the hearts of men. Motives ranging from good to evil reside in the human heart, yet are not always visible on their faces. Hearts are very private and hidden places, and the heart of a continent is shown to be often as dark as the heart of the humans who seek to penetrate it. Work is essential to life, and people spend so much time performing the actions of their life's work that they are often inextricably tied to the job. Marlow shows the lengths to which people will go to get employed when he relates that after asking men for a job and they "said 'My dear fellow,' and did nothing. Then-would you believe it-I tried the women. I, Charlie Marlow, set the women to work-to get a job" (Conrad, 72). His subsequent job with the Company demonstrates the power that Work can have over persons. It is depicted as a one-dimensional and overarching presence to which the men of the tale answer. It is connected with not just the men who travel on the steamers into the African territory, but also with the hearers of the tale, whose jobs are intimately connected with the operation of the Company's machine. Work may also be seen as a machine that drives the darkness of the ivory business. The fact that so many persons must provide for both themselves and families makes p opular what is essentially an inhumane practice of de-tusking elephants. The natives who work with the whites engage in this practice for the sake of having the income that work provides. This they do, though it encroaches upon the sanctity of animal life much in the same way that slavery has encroached upon the sanctity of human life. Yet, for the sake of work the natives become a party to something of an inhumanity that is similar to those their kinsmen have faced within the past century. For seamen, the sea is synonymous with work, and Conrad has been quoted by Papke (2000) as saying, "men and sea interpenetrate, so to speak--the sea entering the life of most men and the men knowing something or everything about the sea." The work enters every part of a seaman's life and is connected somehow with his actions, whether honorable or dark. In Africa, the work that is done by the Europeans who enter the territory is as dark as the continent as it has been described throughout history. Though theft is frowned upon in European society, robbery is essentially the goal of these "reputable" merchants who enter that territory. Of this double standard Conrad writes, "By heavens! there is something after all in the world allowing one man to steal a horse while another must not look at a halter" (98-99). The truth of these men's dishonesty is substantiated in the text. As Marlow travels along the coast and then within the continent, he comes upon several instances in which the continent and its inhabitants are being robbed of their possessions. The animals whose tusks provide the ivory are in danger because the greed of those robbing seamen who want their tusks and would see them die in order to have the boon that they desire. Not only do the European seamen rob the elephants of their lives, but they also rob the Africans of the riches of their own territory. This type of robbery is especially perceptible in the character Kurtz, who under the guise of entering the African territory for trading purposes has resorted

America in the 1920s Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

America in the 1920s - Essay Example Realities of the wartime, accompanied by the scale restrictions of democracy and introduction to violence of tens millions of people, have rendered huge influence on public psychology, morals, valuable priorities. At the same time, the war has also lay the foundation of rather significant industrial growth in the majority of the states of the West that cannot but affect a standard of living of the population. To the full all this was showed in the history of the United States of America. The war and post-war economic boom became the reason of essential social changes in the country, which have turned into partial reconsideration of former, in many respects Puritan, value system. So let us consider 1920s American economic and social developments, including the economic boom (1922-1929), impact of the automobile, introduction of new electrical products and household appliances, improvement of the standard of living and working conditions, and growth of the stock market. Growth of the population and the well-being of the population in the beginning of the twenties century have led to a long growth in economy. In 1920s was carried out railway construction, people spent a lot of money for purchase of the new capital 'consumer blessings', and as a result building sector, automobile and other industries experienced an extraordinary rise. It is possible to say that the most important factor of the amazing economic boom (1922-1929) in the USA is the occurrence of new industries. In particular, phenomenal rise was observed in automotive industry. There has arisen the huge demand for production of allied industries, especially steel, rubber, glass and oil products. In the road building, which has received additional stimulus of development, there were also many new workplaces. In the same period in high gear developed manufacture of radio, other electrical products and household appliances. Installment trading became the powerful factor of growth of interna l consumption. Despite of the existence of variety of laws, called to limit the creation of large corporations, monopolization of economic life occurred very quickly, especially in sphere of public service. As it usually happens during the periods of boom, in the second half 1920s there was a big growth of share prices. And there was a ground for it: manufacture grew, incomes of the population raised, unemployment decreased. "Americans invested in companies by buying shares. They bought shares 'on the margin', paying back loans when share prices went up1". When this speculative boom has reached its limit, it has begun great fall of stocks. Since this moment all financial system of the USA and together with it the financial system of other world has started crackling. It is assumed that the main reason of the Great depression is the stock market crash in 1929. However the process actually has been set by the irresponsible profit making of brokers during the economic boom, which has begun in 1924. During this period the country is unprecedented prospered, however then there was a dangerous skew in incomes. Calvin Coolidge, the president of the USA in 1924-1929, has declared the non-interference of the state in business. The tax on income has been sharply lowered. Illusion of economic growth has led to occurrence of a financial pyramid: the share price were artificially overestimated, Americans counted up dividends and bought new shares,

Good Writing Essay Example for Free

Good Writing Essay You know it when you see it. It is not that hard to tell whether a piece of writing is good or bad, you just have to read it. And it is pretty important to be able to discern the difference, if you ask me. But things get more challenging if you have to explain why it is good. You might be called upon to write a report at school or you may fancy communicating your ideas online via a blog. And, of course, a well written CV with no spelling or grammatical mistakes is essential if you want a new job. Writing skills are an important part of communication and they have to be developed, since it is used in many areas of our daily life. Good writing allows you to communicate your message with clarity and ease to a far larger audience than through face-to-face or telephone conversations. If you want to write well†¦ read, read, and then read some more. Read good writing. Read bad writing. Learn to know the difference. Note for simplicity of style: noun, verb, object; noun, verb, object. It worked for Hemingway, who often said that his ultimate goal was to create the perfect sentence. Read some Hemingway, and not just his novels, but some of his early newspaper writing. Theres never been better news and feature writing, ever. When you read the works of these and other fine writers, notice the simplicity of their language and how they vary their sentence structure and length. Some sentences number two or three words; others run an entire paragraph. There are countless tips on writing well, but I leave you with this one: read first, then write. –Bill Reed Therefore, you need to take into account the next steps to produce good writing (in no particular order): 1. Clarity and focus: in good writing, everything makes sense and readers don’t get lost or have to reread passages to figure out what’s going on. Focused writing sticks with the plot or core idea without running off on too many tangents. 2. Organization: a well-organized piece of writing is not only clear, it’s presented in a way that is logical and aesthetically pleasing. You can tell non-linear stories or place your thesis at the end of an essay and get away with it as long as your scenes or ideas are well ordered. 3. Ideas and themes: is the topic of your paper relevant? Does your story come complete with themes? Can the reader visualize your poem? For a piece of writing to be considered well crafted, it has to contain clearly identifiable ideas and themes. 4. Voice: this is what sets you apart from all other writers. It’s your unique way of stringing words together, formulating ideas, and relating scenes or images to the reader. 5. Language (word choice): we writers can never underestimate or fail to appreciate our most valuable tools — words. Good writing includes smart word choices and well-crafted sentences. 6. Grammar and style: many writers would wish this one away, but for a piece of writing to be considered good (let alone great), it has to follow the rules of grammar (and break those rules only when there’s a good reason). Style is also important in ensuring that a piece of writing is clear and consistent. Make sure you keep a grammar book and style guide handy. 7. Credibility or believability: nothing says bad writing like getting the facts wrong or misrepresenting oneself. In fiction, the story must be believable (even if it’s impossible), and in nonfiction, accurate research can make or break a writer. 8. Thought-provoking or emotionally inspiring: perhaps the most important quality of good writing is how the reader responds to it. Does she come away with a fresh perspective and new ideas? Does he close the cover with tears in his eyes or a sense of victory? How readers react to your work will fully determine your success as a writer. 9. Sentence Fluency that is smooth and expressive: Fluent sentences are easy to understand and fun to read with expression. 10. Use transitional expressions to help readers understand where your message is going. Common transitional expressions include therefore, consequently, however, then, first, next, and although. To have a good writing not only is necessary to not make mistakes, but to follow some steps to enrich the work. And to achieve that, you need to have qualities in terms of patience and organization. In other words, a good writing is a complicated process that takes time. But if you follow the guidelines that are set out it will be easy and successful. For that reason, is very important to practice writing. [ 1 ]. Peha, Steve. Looking for Quality in Student Writing. Teaching That Makes Sense. 2003 . [ 2 ]. Writing Skills. SkillsYouNeed. 2012 . [ 3 ]. Reed, Bill. Developing Good Writing Skills. Academic Tips. 2008 . [ 4 ]. Donovan, Melissa. Eight Characteristics of Good Writing. Writing Forward. 2012 .

Steel Magnolias Theater Review :: essays research papers

In my theater class I was given the assignment of having to write a critical review of the play â€Å"Steel Magnolias,† by Robert Harling. So on the Wednesday before the holiday weekend (Rosh-Ha-Shana) I decided to make the trip over to the Hand Chapel on the Mount Vernon Campus, to see this play that I had already convinced myself was going to be dreadful, or at least that was what I wanted myself to believe. It was for this reason that in the beginning I wanted to be over critical and to pick apart every little detail. There was only one problem, the fact I thought the play was absolutely terrific. The caliber of this play was far superior to that which I had expected. Although, there were a few minor complaints I did have they hardly took away from the overall production. In my opinion, the most successful aspect in this play was the actresses, not just because they were good, but rather because they were incredibly believable. I did not feel that I was watching actors on the stage, rather that I was watching the lives of the six individuals unfold. They became their characters. A perfect example of this can be seen when Sabrina Hyman, who was playing the part of Truvy, was decorating the salon for Christmas and had to improv. While placing tinsel on the couch she was unable to keep it on the desired spot, because it kept falling off of the arm. Initially when she realized that the tinsel was not staying in its place she did not panic, as one would have thought. Instead she simply tried again, and then even a third time without showing any signs of a problem, she had to finally walk away without properly placing the tinsel where it should have been. This quick change in events did not throw her off in the least; she played it off like nothing was wron g. She played it off, as Truvy Jones would have in real life. Although I did feel that the acting in the play was truly amazing I did have two problems, and a couple of instances where I was given a reality check and reminded that it was just a play. My first complaint was that although Patricia Jenson and Jenny Towns did a terrific job, they were not able to play the part of elder women simply because of their age.

8-Corporate Governance Practices in Emerging Markets: The Case of GCC Countries

Literature Review Different CG indices have been confirmed in the literature, mostly depended on developed countries. But, very small work has been carried out on the developing and developing markets. An attempts is carried out to establish know how of the emerging markets of Asia Especially established in oil based GCC countries. A little Interesting work has been carried out by two professional bodies; Institutional Shareholder Service (ISS) and Investors responsibility Research Center (IRRC). Both, ISS and IRRC provide a large CG database which offers a complex measure to analyses the overall Quality of a firm's CG. In this area Important research i has been Done by La Porta et al. (1998), Klapper and Love (2002), Gompers Et al. (2003), De Toledo and Pillicer (2006), Brown ; Caylor (2006), Leal and Carvalhal-da-Silva (2005), Ananchotikul (2007), Garay and Gonzalez (2008), Daines et al., 2010; Ibrahimpasic (2012) and Hassan (2012), are among others. A preliminary work CG was conducted By La Porta et al. (1998) to estimates the limits of that develops an â€Å"anti-director rights† Index to measure the degree of shareholder safety a major Factor in CG in 49 countries around the world. The index is calculated to know the sum of six dummies that assume the value Of 1 if a given form of shareholder protection is present and 0 Otherwise. It is concluded that common law countries have powerful investor safety than civil law countries and that stronger investor protection is related to greater ownership Dispersion. Following the same lines, Klapper and Love (2002) constructed a weighted average CGI for 374 firms in 14 emerging countries on a scale of 0–100. They conducted a firm level survey completed by Credit Lyonnais Securities Asia (CLSA) but with only six governance Components out of the seven studied by CLSA to build the index. The factors studied are transparency, accountability, independence, management discipline, fairness and responsibility. The study indicated that countries having poor legal systems, scored higher index in terms of CG and companies intending to expand in the market with the help of external credit have more chances of growth. To stick to better governance. Moreover, Klapper and Love that the countries listed in US stock markets shows good Governance. One more renowned and mostly used CG index; the ‘G-Index' was established by Gompers et al. (2003) for 1500 large firms between 1990 and 1998. They used un-weighted index to compute CGI reprocesses IRRC data as an equally weighted sum of 24 Shareholders rights practices across five characteristics; delay, safety, voting, state and others. The index assigns a value of 1 for every attribute that refuse shareholder rights and 0 Otherwise. Results shows that good governance has a positive Relationship with stock returns. In the same scenario, De Toledo and Pillicer (2006) established a governance chart for 97 nonfinancial Public companies in Spain by maintaining a binary Scale. Based on 25 questions and the questionnaire prepared By Brown and Caylor (2006); Gompers et al. (2003) and Klapper and Love (2004) are considered to arrive at the CGI and Companies scoring 25 are assume to portray high governance Standards. A study by Leal and Carvalhal-da-Silva (2005) on Brazil established another milestone in index preparation related to emerging Countries. They prepared an un-weighted CGI for 131 firms listed in The Sao Paulo stock exchange from 1998 to 2002. Title 11-Temporal Granger Causality and the Dynamics Relationship between Real Tourism Receipts, Real Income and Real Exchange Rates in Malaysia Literature Review This study applies the bounds testing Approach, error-correction modeling and Persistence profile to analyses the dynamic Relationship between real tourism receipts, Real income and real exchange rates in Malaysia. The study is covering sample period 1974 to 2009. Finding of this study disclosed that a long term relationship subsist in between the variables. In short term finding are that no Granger causality between actual income and real tourism receipts, while multiple causality in the long run. In addition it has been found that unidirectional causality running from real Exchange rates to real tourism receipts and Real income in both short- and long-run. The ultimate purpose of this study is to explore the temporal Granger causality and dynamic relationship between real tourism receipts, real Income and real exchange rates in Malaysia for the period of 1974 to 2009. Applied the bound testing approach and Granger causality Test in addition to variance decomposition, Impulse response function and Persistence profile analyses to achieve the purpose of this study. Major finding are, the bounds testing Approach indicates the existence of a long-run Relationship between real exchange rates, real tourism receipts and real Income in Malaysia. Second, to enhance the robustness of conclusion, it engages three long-run estimators, Namely ARDL, DOLS and FMOLS to Estimate the long-run elasticity's. Real income and real exchange rates have a positive and significant effect on real tourism Receipts in Malaysia. Third, the Granger causality Test is used to investigate the direction of Causality between the variables. In the short term, there is unidirectional Granger causality running from real exchange rates to real tourism Receipts and real income, but no Granger Causality between real tourism receipts and real Income. Therefore, in the long-run, we find bidirectional Granger causality verification in between real income and Real tourism receipts, but a Unidirectional Granger causality running from Real exchange rates to real tourism receipts and real income. Fourth, apart from using the Granger causality test, we consider variance Decomposition and impulse response function to find out the reaction of each variable either it is attributed to its own shock and to the shocks in other variables in the system. It is also called as the variable specific Shock. In describing shocks to real tourism Receipts in Malaysia, real income is more important than real exchange rates. Meantime, real exchange rates and Real tourism receipts are equally necessary in describing shocks to Real income. The urge reply of function disclose that shocks to real income and real exchange Rates have significant positive impacts on real tourism Receipts in the short- and long-term. Further, shock to real tourism receipts has a Positive effect on real income, while shock to real exchange rates has a negative effect on Real income in Malaysia. It is concluded that, persistence Profile showed that the real tourism receipts System is stable and valid as the profile Declines sharply towards the equilibrium within a period about three years after a system-wise shock. This affirms that the Trivariate co integrating system used in this Study is logical. For policy-making, we could mention at least two significant policy indications from the findings of this study. First, tourism is the long-term source for economic growth in Malaysia as the Granger Causality results propose that real income and real tourism receipts have bidirectional causality. Title 12-Corporate ownership, governance and tax avoidance An interactive effects Literature Review The fact is that taxes deductions from the cash flows available to a firm, and therefore the dividends distributable to the shareholders, propose that firm owners would attempt to increase their wealth through various taxes to keep away from these Practices. Such types of advantages of enhanced cash flows from tax avoidance practices are ingenious with certain Non-tax costs. This required the costs/benefits considering of such type of practices and the choice of tax avoidance if the interest outweigh the linked costs. Therefore, the benefits and the associated costs with corporate tax avoidance are discussed here. Prior to explanation, little awareness are provided on the meaning and measures of corporate Tax avoidance to give proper ground for the discussion in detail. The corporate tax avoidance lacks universal definition as it might connote â€Å"different thing to different People† (Hanlon ; Heitzman, 2010:137). The reality is that there is significant tax impacts on all settlement of a Company, meant to enhance its profit, could account for such shortness of universal definition. , they have different definitions of corporate tax avoidance put up by researchers in present times (for a review of these definitions see: Salihu, Sheikh Obid ; Annuar, 2013; Salihu 2014). Here, explain corporate tax avoidance as a decrease the clear cut corporate tax liabilities. This definition is in line with Hanlon and Heitzman (2010) It explains tax avoidance â€Å"as a continuum of tax arrangements policies where something like municipal bond Investments are at one side (lower explicit tax, perfectly legal), Therefore , the terms Such as tax management; tax planning; tax sheltering; and tax aggressiveness are exchangeable used with tax Avoidance in the literature (see for instance: Chen et al. 2010; Lanis and Richardson, 2011; 2012; Minnick ; Noga, 2010; Tang ; Firth, 2011). Similar to its definition, there have been many ways of corporate tax avoidance used in the prior Literature. These ways are mainly depended on the estimates from the financial statements and could be categorized into three classes/groups. The first group adds those measures that examine the multitude of the gap between book and Taxable income. All these consist of total book-tax gap; residual book-tax gap and tax-effect book-tax gap. The Second group has to take up with those establish the evaluate the proportional amount of taxes to business income. All these having effective tax rates (this comes in several variants like accounting ETR; current ETR; cash ETR; Long-run cash ETR; ETR differential; ratio of income tax expense to operating cash flow; ; ratio of cash taxes Paid to operating cash flow). The third group comprises other measures such as optional permanent differences (PERMIDIFF)/DTAX; unrecognized tax benefits (UTB); and tax shelter estimates. Other than this plethora of measures of corporate tax avoidance used in the tax literature, its conforming aspect remains un-captured as most of the measures are computed based on items that are affected by accrual accounting Procedures. To this part, Hanlon and Heitzman (2010) proposed a measure for conforming tax avoidance as the Proportion of cash tax paid to operating cash flow. Salihu, Sheikh Obid and Annuar (2013) documented the significant difference of this measure from other similar measures. This study suggested the use this measure for the Empirical investigation given the context of the study.

Discipline in the Public School

Assignment 1: Discipline in the Public Schools Patricia Williams Dr. Sonya S. Shepherd EDU 520 Education and the Law July 22, 2012 Every child and young person has a right to an education. Along with those rights students, have the responsibilities to follow rules. If rules get broken schools can impose punishments to try to correct the behaviors from happening again. Schools must let the students be able to voice their opinions on whether the punishment is fair.The purpose of this paper is to examine three (3) current rulings about different types of discipline in public schools. Next summarize the cases and the court’s decision for each case. Finally give an opinion whether for or against the court’s decision and justify the position. Bethel School District No. 403 v. Fraser Michael Fraser a student at Bethel High School made a speech in front of an assembly that was considered to be lewd. In reaction to the speech, he was suspended from school. Michael Fraser brought suit against the school in a U. S. istrict court, claiming that his First Amendment right to freedom of speech had been violated. (Essex p. 51, 2012) The Supreme Court said Bethel High School officials in Washington did not violate the First Amendment by punishing Matthew Fraser for a campaign speech that was considered lewd. Both of the lower courts had ruled for Fraser because there was no disruption following the speech given in the school auditorium. Because it was a school sponsored activity, the Supreme Court said school officials had the right to punish the risque content of his speech.While students are afforded the First Amendment freedoms of speech and expression, they are still answerable for their actions when they are offensive to others. Matthew Fraser's behavior was disruptive to the educational process. Fraser was in a public high school and at a school-sponsored activity. He was under the authority of the school, not standing on a street corner. Schools must have t he authority to guide young people into healthy and acceptable social forms of expression.Speech is limited even for adults, and no one can claim that high school students are adults. Fraser was not punished for the political nature of his speech, but rather for its sexual innuendo and obscenity. Hermitage School District v. Layshock In December 2005, Justin Layshock and three other high school students created fake MySpace profiles for their principal, Eric Trosch. The profiles included an official school portrait of Trosch and answers to the website's template questions for creating a profile.Many of the answers were derogatory and sexually explicit. One profile indicated that Trosch's favorite movie was a pornographic film. Another indicated that Trosch liked to have sex with students and brutalize women. A third said that he kept a keg of beer at his desk at school, was on steroids, and smoked marijuana. School officials discovered the profile, and the school district suspended Layshock for 10 days, ordered him to finish high school in an Alternative Education Program, and forbid him from attending graduation.In Layshock, the court ruled for Justin Layshock, who was a 17-year-old senior when he created a MySpace profile portraying his principal as a big drinker, a smoker of a ‘big blunt† and a â€Å"big steroid freak. † The school had suspended Layshock, placed him in an alternative education program, despite his classification as a gifted student, and barred him from extracurricular activities. (ABA Journal)After the school district disciplined Layshock, he brought a federal lawsuit claiming that the school's punishment violated his First Amendment rights.In July 2007, the district court granted summary judgment to Layshock on his claim that that the school's punishment violated his First Amendment rights. The only school resource which Justin even arguably involved in creating the web parody was a photograph available to the public on the school's website which the student cut and pasted into his website. I think Justin's behavior did not cause disruption in the school, because a school district does not have the authority to reach outside the schoolhouse to control student behavior.Justin’s actions were not related to any school sponsored event. Morse v. Frederick Joseph Frederick, a senior at Juneau-Douglas High School, unfurled a banner saying â€Å"Bong Hits 4 Jesus† during the Olympic Torch Relay through Juneau, Alaska on January 24, 2002. (Education and the Law Journal, p. 57) Frederick's attendance at the event was part of a school-supervised activity. The school's principal, Deborah Morse, told Frederick to put away the banner, as she was concerned it could be interpreted as advocating illegal drug activity. After Frederick refused to comply, she took the banner from him.Frederick originally was suspended from school for 10 days for violating school policy, which forbids advocating the use o f illegal drugs. The U. S. District Court for the District of Alaska ruled for Morse, saying that Frederick's action was not protected by the First Amendment. The U. S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit reversed and held that Frederick's banner was constitutionally protected. In this case the principle jumped the gun and assumed that the word bong was referencing drugs and I think it did not. Fredrick even stated that that was words to try to get the television station to see their banner and a way to get on TV.I think he was telling the truth about wanting to be seen on TV because crazy teenagers will say and do just about anything to be on TV so they can brag to their friends just to say they were on TV. I think that if all these cases were up to date, that they will re-evaluate the rulings now because you have so many people committing suicide over the words that people are saying whether it is on the internet or at their school. It is a shame that you do have people that ar e doing cyber bullying and you cannot be sure of how the victims react, because they may retaliate.The world is forever changing and the words are being recognized as being hurtful. References ABAJournal. com: â€Å"Students Disciplined for Fake MySpace Profiles of Principals Get 3rd Circuit Rehearing† Cooper, Madeleine Arsenault. BONG HiTS 4 JESUS . . . IN CANADA? The Implications of Morse v. Frederick for Student Free Speech in the United States and Canada, Education ; Law Journal, Volume 18, Number 1, July 2008, 57. Essex, E. L. School Law and the Public Schools: A Practical Guide for Educational Leaders. 5th ed. Boston MA: Allyn and Bacon, 2012.

Muhammd as a seal of prophet

Muhammd as a seal of prophet Reasons why Prophet Muhammad was chosen as last prophet Prophet Muhammad is believed to be the initiator of the Islamic religion and he is therefore referred to as the messenger as well as the last prophet of God. He is believed to be an active theorist who, according to the Muslim faith is seen as a driving force towards marvelous action .According, to the Muslim faith scholars argue that Prophet Muhammad was also called by the name â€Å"Peace be Upon Him|† and therefore, he is believed to have been chosen by God as the last prophet in the line of prophets.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Muhammd: as a seal of prophet specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More God therefore chose Prophet Muhammad at a time in history when there was increased idol worship, social injustice but monotheism had reduced at that particular time. This in effect implies that God chose him to preach the gospel of True religion to the people wh o at that time were great sinners, â€Å"For We assuredly sent amongst every people a prophet, with the command: Worship Me (Allah) and avoid false gods† (Qu’ran16:36). Since the Qur’an serves as the last revelation that God reveled to mankind, bearing in mind that other religious texts have other prophecies, it is clearly established that Prophet Muhammad was the last prophet. Furthermore, the Qur’an tends to contain the final revelation to the prophet hence properly justifying that Prophet Muhammad was the last prophet (Arafat, 9-21). Evidence from Qur’an to prove Prophet Muhammad was the seal prophet According, to the Quran teachings Prophet Muhammad can be seen as the seal prophet from his background. The Qur’an notes that prophet Muhammad was a messenger of Allah since the Qur’an notes that â€Å" he was the last prophet that Allah send on earth after other prophets like Moses sent by God in the Holy Bible† (Qur’an 33:40). In the Muslim faith the seal of the prophet was a clear symbol showing that prophet hood had came to an end which thus it meant that no other prophet would follow Prophet Muhammad. God gave the last divine messages to Prophet Muhammad clearly showing that he is the seal of prophets as he was used to signify that the existing intermediation between Allah and his worshippers had seized. From the Qur’an evidence shows that, Prophet Muhammad was the last prophet, â€Å"Muhammad is not the father of any man among you, but he is the messenger of Allah and the Seal of the Prophets† (Al-Ahzab, 33/40). This phrase from the Qur’an clearly shows that Prophet Muhammad was the last link in the line of prophets. From the Islamic interpretation it indicates that Muhammad is the last prophet of Allah who ended further establishment of prophet hood and therefore he represented a divine seal which acted as an approval and evidence of what the other prophets had done on ea rth.Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The interpretation of the phrase â€Å"Muhammad is not the father of any man among you† clearly gives the evidence that prophecy was divine hence it was not to be a passed on from father to son, instead the other phrase â€Å"seal of prophet† sums up the idea that prophet Muhammad was actually the â€Å"last prophet† (Abdullah 128-150). Another evidence can be extracted from the Qur’an verse â€Å"This day have I perfected your religion for you and completed my favor unto you, and have chosen Islam as a religion (Quran 5:3) implies that, the improvements in the societal religion was actually achieved during Prophet Muhammad’s time. Evidently, it meant that no other prophet was anticipated to appear after Prophet Muhammad and his wisdom was to be followed keenly by all the people on earth (Walke r, 20-26). Importance of seal prophet in Islamic culture The sealing of the prophet has always been associated with strong elements of Islamic culture and belief. The seal of prophet is highly associated with the Islamic culture due the fact that it represents the final message of God revealed to the people through the last prophet Muhammad. Consequently, this means that the Qur’an establishes messages through which peace and blessings are shown as the only way through which prophet hood has been closed. According, to studies done by religious scholars it evident that prophet hood came to an end with Prophet Muhammad since his prophetic was supposed to be everlasting till the end of time ((Abdullah 128-150). Islamic religion therefore, is a clear representation of the prior religion of monotheism which was strongly emphasized by Prophet Muhammad that implied totally submission to God. Since the Islamic religion revolves around peace that acts as a representation of nature, it means that Muslims strongly associate the seal of the prophet with their culture since the last prophet Muhammad was also called peace be upon him. Therefore, the main assignment of Prophet Muhammad was to bring peace upon the earth which currently is the central point of the Islamic religion. That Prophet Muhammad was the final prophet to deliver the message that God had sent, deliver his teachings, forms the background for the true Muslim followers who truly believe in the Islamic faith. Normally, they tend to emulate the practices of the last prophet with the main emphasis on the fact that they should earn God’s pleasure first before it can be returned to Him (Christopher, 56-75).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Muhammd: as a seal of prophet specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Critical questions The first question raised in this paper is the issue of why was Prophet Muhammad was chosen as the last prophet. F rom the analysis we tend to find out that prophet Muhammad was actually chosen as the last prophet after other prophets like Moses. Therefore we analyze that since other prophets had passed away God then saw the purpose of choosing Prophet Muhammad as the last prophet so that he could preach the word of God to the people who had diverted from God’s ways to other ways. Since the people on earth had turned away from God’s ways to worshipping idols, there was need for God to send a prophet on earth who could preach the message to the people regarding true gospel. In order to convince the people on earth to change and turn back to God there was need for a prophet who therefore God saw the purpose of choosing Prophet Muhammad as the last prophet. In addition God chosen Prophet Muhammad purposely since God had no other plans of sending another prophet after Muhammad therefore Allah treated Prophet Muhammad as the last prophet. The second critical question is to analyze any e vidence from the Qur’an which actually symbolizes Prophet Muhammad as the seal prophet. From the Qua’ran versus analyzed above it is clear that Prophet Muhammad was the seal prophet since he served as the last messenger who God had send to bring his message to the people on earth. Since God used him as the last messenger on earth it clearly gives us evidence that Prophet Muhammad actually was the seal prophet. The Qu’ran versus refers to Prophet Muhammad as not a father of any human being which indicates that he was a divine messenger of God which clearly indicates that he was the last prophet as his prophecy was never meant to be inherited from one generation to generation. In addition evidence from the Qu’ran tends to refer to Prophet Muhammad as a prophet of divine wisdom hence his religion is referred as a perfect one in the Islamic religion The last question tends to give the reasons why the Muslims uphold the idea Prophet Muhammad as the seal prophe t in their cultural expressions. Analyzing this question it is clear that the idea of Prophet being seen as the seal prophet is of much importance to the Islamic culture. This due to the fact that Prophet Muhammad is seen as the fore father of Islamic culture thus in Islamic culture he is always treated as the founder of Islamic religion. With fact that Prophet Muhammad is seen as the last prophet then it implies he is the founder of Islamic culture this to Muslims is very important and they tend to associate their culture to the founder of the Islamic religion. Since Prophet Muhammad was the founder of the Islamic religion it indicates that Islamic practices should be based on the nature of the founder. This concept therefore is used by Muslims hence associated heavily with Islamic cultural expressionAdvertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Abdullah, Y. The holy Quran, Leicester, UK: Academia Press, 2005. Pp 128-150. Arafat, W. â€Å"Facts and fiction in the History of pre-Islamic idol – Worship,† Islamic Quarterly, Vol .12, 1968, pp 9-21. Christopher, B. Islamic Tradition. New York: Harper Row, 1972, pp 56-75. Walker, J. Bible characters in the Koran. Paisley, London: Alexander Gardner, 1931, pp 20-26.

Vet, Vetted, Vetting

Vet, Vetted, Vetting Vet, Vetted, Vetting Vet, Vetted, Vetting By Maeve Maddox The verb vet, â€Å"investigate someone’s suitability for a job,† took the American media by storm during the presidential campaign of 2008. Vet was Number Two on Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Year list that year. (Bailout was Number One.) Although the word has been in American dictionaries for close to 100 years, few US speakers seem to have heard of it before 2008. Some forum participants continue to puzzle over it: The past presidential election is the first time I heard the term â€Å"vet† or â€Å"vetting  a candidate.† What does it mean? (2012) Honestly, I had never heard the word before until today. (2013) Here are some examples of the word’s current use on the Web: Hollywoods medical storylines vetted by those who know 10 Steps for Vetting Unknown Internet Sources The Garda Central Vetting Unit (GCVU) provides the only official vetting service in the Republic of Ireland. While it is general practice for most employers to call references and confirm previous employers, vetting an employee delves a little deeper into the applicants background. Some speakers–apparently lacking access to a dictionary–speculate that the verb vet may derive from veteran or veto: Coming from the word veteran maybe? From Latin veto (to prohibit), referring to the practice of having an opportunity to veto a decision before it is finalized. Wrong. The verb â€Å"to vet† is derived from the noun veterinarian. It originated as a term meaning, â€Å"to submit an animal to examination or treatment by a veterinary surgeon.† The earliest citation in the OED illustrates the word in the context of horse racing: 1891: Beau is shaky in his fore legs. I shall have him vetted before the races. By 1904, the term had spread to general usage with this meaning: to examine carefully and critically for deficiencies or errors; specifically, to investigate the suitability of (a person) for a post that requires loyalty and trustworthiness. As for veteran and veto, the English word veteran comes from a Latin word for old. â€Å"Old soldiers,† for example, were called veterani. Veto translates as â€Å"I forbid,† a declaration spoken by Roman tribunes of the people when they wished to oppose measures of the Senate or actions of the magistrates. The Latin source word for veterinary and veterinarian is veterinus: â€Å"a beast of burden.† Veterinus may have been a contracted form of vehiterinus, a word related to the verb vehere, to carry or convey. A beast of burden carries things. Veterinarians care for beasts of burden. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Idioms About NumbersOn Behalf Of vs. In Behalf OfWhile vs. Whilst

5 Porter's Five Forces on Amazon Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

5 Porter's Five Forces on Amazon - Essay Example The most significant benefit is charging Amazon only when consumers make the actual purchase. This room for allowance reveals just how willing suppliers are to offer their commodities and services to Amazon. Amazon maintains a low of five items from small suppliers to lower overhead costs. Suppliers reasonably treat Amazon like a pivotal and prestigious partner, which is the source of their explicitly evident and necessary devotion (Cukier, Hodson, and Ryan, 2009, p. 5). Amazon is among the pioneers of the e-commerce sector. This advantage offers amazon a significant degree of presence in the online retail market. Amazon’s superior customer satisfaction guarantees Amazon’s market share in the end. At the same time, Amazon has numerous rivals who offer a nearly similar diverse array of products and services with almost the same low prices (Cukier, Hodson, and Ryan, 2009, p. 3). Examples of such rival companies are Barnes and Noble, eBay, and Alibaba. Amazon’s presence on the internet compelled the company to improve its search engine capabilities to rival with those of Google and Yahoo. The risk of the substitution of Amazon is significant. There are a great deal of options to amazon’s products and services for online shoppers. Currently, Amazon is unique for only its patented features such as the one-click ordering. Many stores with physical outlets have an online presence. This presence means nearly all of Amazon’s inventory are available on the internet on other websites such as the direct manufacturer’s site. Products on such sites often do not have the same low prices or offers (Cukier, Hodson, and Ryan, 2009, p. 2). However, when Amazon does not present a better offer, consumers who really want the product will always substitute Amazon with other online retailers. The internet is a platform for the prevalence of new ideas

Quiz 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Quiz 1 - Essay Example The renewed struggles to win over Ravenna, for instance, failed to deter the setting up of foreign-controlled regions at the heart of Italy. The subsequent occupation of the southern regions such as in the Po valley, and in the Balkans, is clear signs of the weakness of the imperial regime. Additionally, although reinforcements ordered by the leaders were successful at first, the operation witnessed an unprecedented number of settlers who streamed into the Danube in an effort to look for rich agricultural land, Byzantine fighters began to weaken. Military failures were compounded by the lack of resources to support the operations. As a result the regime decided to reduce salary of the personnel. Despite the earlier wins against the Persians, the regime had to grapple with defiance within the military ranks. The emperors’ commanders were facing disobedience from the fighters. During the Islamic era of the Six Century, Christianity struggled to assume prominence, and eventually managed to command a strong following in these rather Islamic regions of the East Mediterranean region and North Africa. The massive number of Christian followers effectively surmounted the influence of the regimes. Attempts by the regimes to put in place an orthodox of their liking generally failed because the society observed the differences in religious teachings, and conformed to their individual beliefs. The Antioch’s refusal to conform to the ecclesiastical influences fronted by Constantinople can also be attributed to the failure of the state actors to manipulate the Church1. Anastasios of Antioch, who was a close ally of Pope Gregory, made vigorous attempts to redeem the image of the society and revitalize government control in the wake social divisions by advocating the theory of Monoenergism. The leader thought that upon such reasoning, the society would be united under the government.